Pain Relieving Fever Reducing Powder And Shinny Phenacetin CAS 62-44-2

Phenacetin Usage And Synthesis

Indications and Usage Phenacetin is mainly used as an antipyretic analgesic, with slow and lasting effects, treating headaches, neuralgia, joint pain, and fever, and weakly resisting rheumatism and inflammation. Because of toxic side effects and the rapid development of similar drugs, however, it is no longer used alone, only as a raw material in combination with other drugs. Commonly combined with aspirin and caffeine to form a less toxic compound aspirin used to treat the common cold. Can make chlorpheniramine cold tablets by adding a small amount of chlorpheniramine to the above compound, used to treat colds with headache, neuralgia, rheumatism, etc. Can be used as a material for organic synthesis or a pharmaceutical intermediate.

Mechanisms of Action On its own, phenacetin has no antipyretic or analgesic effects. In vivo, acetaminophen and paracetamol are metabolized and decomposed to create the antipyretic and analgesic effects. Its decomposites with ammonia and phenyl either not only have no antipyretic and analgesic effects, but also are major factors in its side effects.
Side Effects Long term use may cause renal papillary necrosis and interstitial nephritis, and even induce renal pelvic cancer and bladder cancer. Phenacetin also makes the hemoglobin to form methemoglobin, decreasing blood oxygen carrying capacity, causing cyanosis. In addition, Phenacetin can cause hemolysis and hemolytic anemia, and is toxic to the retina. Long term use may cause also lead to dependence. Countries including America, Britain, German, and Japan have banned Phenacetin, or required packaging to note that it is “not indicated for long-term usage or large doses.”
Category Toxic Substance

Acute toxicity Oral administration – rats: LD50: 3600 mg/kg; oral administration - mice LD50: 866 mg/kg
Inflammability and Hazardous Property Combustible on open flame; decomposes and releases toxic nitrous oxide gas when heated; side effects: pale color, liver damage, hemoglobin disease.
Storage Characteristics Store in ventilated, cool, and dry conditions, separate from reducing agents and food additives.

Extinguishing agent Mist, foam, carbon dioxide, sand.
Chemical Properties white crystalline powder
Uses Analgesic, antipyretic. Component of APC tablets, analgesic mixture also containing aspirin and caffeine. Phenacetin is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen; analgesic mixtures containing Phenacetin are listed as known human carcinogens.

Uses glycosylation inhibitor
Definition ChEBI: A member of the class of acetamides that is acetamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 4-ethoxyphenyl group.
General Description Odorless fine white crystalline solid with a lightly bitter taste. Used as an analgesic medicine.

Air & Water Reactions Insoluble in water.
Reactivity Profile Phenacetin react with oxidizing agents, iodine and nitrating agents.
Fire Hazard Flash point data for Phenacetin are not available but Phenacetin is probably combustible.